Heidi A. Hamann, PhD

While adherence to annual screening exceeded 90% in the National Lung Screening Trial, the trial population was disproportionately white, educated, and received care in the tightly controlled environment of a clinical trial.

Since the publication of the positive results of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST)—the first lung cancer screening trial to demonstrate a reduction in lung cancer mortality—in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2011, several uncertainties regarding implementation of widespread lung cancer screening have arisen.